Under 30, on the Cutting Edge
This crop of fresh faces is poised to shake up the tech world. Here’s their advice to wannabe entrepreneurs
by Sarah Lacy, Olga Kharif and Justin Hibbard

Want to know what’s hot in technology? Follow the money. That’s what we did to find a fresh crop of tech’s best young entrepreneurs. We surveyed dozens of VC firms, from Sequoia Capital in Silicon Valley to Austin Ventures in Texas to Battery Ventures in Boston, to find out who’s generating buzz and getting funded — if not bought.

We then combed through the nominees to find the dozen or so people who in our view are poised to make the biggest impact on technology, be it through innovative ideas, successful business plans, outstanding products, or all of the above.

You may be familiar with some finalists. We felt we couldn’t overlook Skype’s Janus Friis, who last year sold his brainchild to eBay for a handsome $2.6 billion. Others may be new to you. Take Guido Lanza, who founded Pharmix to reshape the way drugs are developed, or Mark Spencer, whose startup Digium uses open-source software to build low-cost, multifunction phone systems. All, we hope you’ll agree, have the potential to shake up tech. Their profiles — and advice for would-be entrepreneurs — follow.

Jeremy Stoppelman, Russel Simmons
Ages: 28 and 27, respectively
Company: Yelp
Funding: $6 million from Bessemer Venture Partners and PayPal co-founder Max Levchin

Stoppelman and Simmons rode out the worst of the dot-com bust during a stint at PayPal from 2000 to 2003, forging ties with colleagues that have since paid off. In the summer of 2004, they worked on an incubator project with Levchin, who gathered PayPal alumni to develop ideas for startups. They hatched the concept for Yelp, a Web site that lets users write and share reviews of local businesses. Levchin provided seed capital and Stoppelman dropped out of Harvard Business School to start the company.

Advice: Raise more money than you think you’ll need early in your company’s life, Stoppelman says. It will get you through unforeseen rough patches in the early research and development phase. Says Simmons: Be extremely careful with every hire and remember that the personalities will filter into every aspect of the company.

Guido Lanza
Age: 29
Company: Pharmix
Funding: $13 million from Mohr, Davidow Ventures and Latterell Ventures

Lanza wants to revamp the slow-moving $38 billion drug-development industry. So he built a program that simulates a lab and is aimed at helping drug companies save time and money in testing. Still, Big Pharma was skeptical at first. “No one wanted to hear, ‘Here’s the computer — now throw away your chemist,’” says Lanza, who founded Pharmix and is the company’s chief technology officer. So the company used its own technology to find a new statin, used to lower cholesterol. The drug is in animal trials and Pharmix is talking to several companies about partnerships. “We’re trying to reinvent the entire process by which drugs are discovered,” Lanza says. “This is not a two-year plan.”

Advice: “It’s really a patience game, and you need investors who share a vision. Everything else comes from there. If you have investors looking for a quick turnaround, 99% of your problems are going to come from that.”

Seth Sternberg, Sandy Jen, and Elaine Wherry
Ages: 27, 25, and 28, respectively
Company: Meebo
Funding: $3.5 million from angel investors and Sequoia Capital

Meebo re-imagines instant messaging. The dominant IM players — Yahoo!, America Online, and Microsoft — require users to download software. With Meebo, all it takes is an Internet connection, user name, and password. It has been a hit with students, employees who are restricted from downloading software, or folks who just want to chat from a borrowed computer. Founded by Sternberg, Jen, and Wherry, Meebo carries some 20 million messages a day, and more than 400,000 people log on daily — all with little marketing. The trick will be staying ahead of the giants and making money from a yet-unproven ad-sales model.

Advice: “Surround yourself with really, really smart people and don’t be afraid to give them equity, because it’s all about the team,” says Sternberg.
Raza Khan and Vishal Garg
Ages: Both 28
Company: MyRichUncle
Funding: $29 million from Battery Ventures

Many recent college grads recall well the struggle of paying for school. Few take on the $15 billion private student loan industry in response. New York University alumni Khan and Garg had many hardworking friends who had trouble getting loans because of their parents’ income level. So they founded MyRichUncle, which considers not only income but also a host of factors traditional lenders ignore, such as major, grades, and career aims. The company also tries to match loan type to career goals, advising future teachers, for example, to avoid too much debt. In half a year, MyRichUncle has lent $22 million to 1,600 students, thanks to a $400 million credit facility by banks including Merrill Lynch.

Advice: “It’s not about how much you can make,” Khan says. “You have to be focused on building something greater than yourself.”

Bill Trenchard
Age: 31 (was 30 when chosen)
Company: LiveOps
Funding: $22 million from Menlo Ventures and CMEA Ventures

LiveOps combines smart business with social conscience. Trenchard’s third company, LiveOps connects companies in need of outside call centers with employees able to handle those calls. But rather than farming the work overseas, LiveOps sends it to a U.S. workforce made up of some 6,000 stay-at-home parents and other part-time workers who need or want to work from home. LiveOps itself employs over 160 people and has been profitable since 2000. Customers include Ronco Inc. and Family Link, set up by the Bush Administration in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. If LiveOps takes even a modest bite of the $350 billion contact-center market, investors will no doubt be pleased.

Advice: “Just jump into the deep end of the pool,” says Trenchard. “Smart, motivated people will pick things up quickly and you’ll get further faster than taking the safe route through Corporate America.”
Mark Spencer
Age: 28
Company: Digium
Funding: Self-funded

Digium created and supports Asterisk, one of the hottest open-source projects on the Web. Asterisk provides more calling features than traditional phone systems, but at a fraction of the cost, Digium says. The system has been downloaded hundreds of thousands of times and attracted the attention of such giants as Intel, which signed a development deal with Digium in 2005. Unlike entrepreneurs looking for a quick buck, Digium founder and CEO Spencer has stayed focused on his product and community of open-source contributors, resisting outside capital for now. Meantime, Digium is growing like a weed. Because Asterisk is available free over the Web, users get in touch only when they want or need support, letting Spencer focus on the product and partnerships.

Advice: “Speak to as many successful people as you can,” Spencer says. “You’ll get lots of advice, much of it contradictory, but your job as the entrepreneur is to figure out how it all applies to you and your business.”

Janus Friis
Age: 29
Company: Skype
Funding: Before it was bought by online auction house eBay in October for $2.6 billion, Skype raised more than $20 million from investors, including Draper Fisher Jurvetson

Friis got his start answering phones on a help desk at Cybercity, one of Denmark’s first Internet service providers. He met Niklas Zennstrom while at operator Tele2 and the duo went on to launch a batch of notable Net companies, from get2net, another Danish ISP, to the music and video-sharing service KaZaA, now the world’s most downloaded Internet software. Skype, a provider of low-cost PC-to-PC calling, remains his most successful venture to date and it’s probably not his last, says Web-calling entrepreneur Jeff Pulver. “As long as there’s a market to be disrupted, he’ll be there,” Pulver says.

Advice: Skype declined to make Friis available
Greg Tseng and Johann Schleier-Smith
Ages: Both 26
Company: Tagged
Funding: $7 million from investors led by Mayfield Fund

Pals since seventh grade, when they met in a science class, Tseng and Schleier-Smith went to the same high school and both majored in physics and mathematics at Harvard University (Tseng threw in chemistry for good measure). The pair used revenue from a company they founded in college (crushlink, for connecting shy singles) to start an incubator that spawned Tagged. The social networking site limits membership to people between 13 and 19 — an attempt to lock in the teen market while easing parents’ concerns over online safety. Officially launched in 2004, Tagged has a registered user base of 2 million. Still, it’s a long way from nudging aside MySpace and its tens of millions.

Advice: Choose something you love and “be O.K. with uncertainty,” Tseng says. Adds Schleier-Smith: Find good mentors. When you’re starting out, “you have a lot more to learn from other people than they have to learn from you.”
Greg Tseng and Johann Schleier-Smith
Ages: Both 26
Company: Tagged
Funding: $7 million from investors led by Mayfield Fund

Pals since seventh grade, when they met in a science class, Tseng and Schleier-Smith went to the same high school and both majored in physics and mathematics at Harvard University (Tseng threw in chemistry for good measure). The pair used revenue from a company they founded in college (crushlink, for connecting shy singles) to start an incubator that spawned Tagged. The social networking site limits membership to people between 13 and 19 — an attempt to lock in the teen market while easing parents’ concerns over online safety. Officially launched in 2004, Tagged has a registered user base of 2 million. Still, it’s a long way from nudging aside MySpace and its tens of millions.

Advice: Choose something you love and “be O.K. with uncertainty,” Tseng says. Adds Schleier-Smith: Find good mentors. When you’re starting out, “you have a lot more to learn from other people than they have to learn from you.”
Alexei Erchak
Age: 30
Company: Luminus Devices
Funding: $28 million in three rounds from Draper Fisher Jurvetson, Stata Venture Partners, Battery Ventures, Argonaut Holdings, Eastward Capital

Unlike many of his peers, Erchak entered Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s graduate program knowing he wanted to do something entrepreneurial — not just pure research. He scoured the school for a research project with promising commercial potential and found professor John Joannopoulos’ work on so-called photonic crystal lattices, which could potentially produce very bright, low-energy light sources. Erchak became the youngest member of an MIT research team that developed and patented an extremely bright light-emitting diode based on photonic crystal lattice technology. Erchak and his co-founders used the MIT network to contact MIT alums and Analog Devices Inc. founder Ray Stata, whose venture fund provided seed capital for Luminus Devices.

Advice: “Don’t look at what the industry is doing,” Erchak says. “Look at what they’re not doing and focus on that. That’s where the real disruptive technology comes from.”

Angus Davis
Age: 27
Company: Tellme
Funding: More than $250 million from investors, including Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and former Netscape President and CEO Jim Barksdale

Davis was put on suspension at Phillips Academy Andover for hacking into the prep school’s phone system. A decade later he’s still tinkering with phones — but making big bucks at it. After a stint at Netscape, Davis co-founded Tellme, a maker of software that improves the way users get information over the phone. Founded in 1999, Tellme is profitable, generates more than $100 million in annual sales, and could well become one of the year’s hottest initial public offerings.

Advice: “If you are going after a new market, know nothing or everything there is to know about that market,” Davis says. “If you know only something, you might be afraid” to get started, he says.

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学习日语的人常感记词困难。日语词确实难记，因为难寻规律。学习印欧语系诸语，可用词素分析法将词分解为词干和词缀，加以整理，即便利于记住。日语词不是这样由词干和词缀构成的，词素分析法用不上。日语词的来源不一，构成方式复杂。有和语词，有汉语词，有混合词，有派生词；此就其来源而论。在读音方面，有音读，有训读，有音训混读；同为音读，尚可分为汉音，吴音、唐音等等。因而日语词的状况复杂，难读难记。学习者以记词为苦，是有基因的。

要彻底解决记日语这一难题，唯一有效的办法就是掌握日语词的音读。音读和训读有其规律，抓住纲目，分清条理，是记词的关键。只要抓住音和训，记词即非难事。但因音读和训读状况极其复杂，不加深究，则无法弄清其实际，所以学习者感到无从下手。同一汉字，在这个词里音读，在那个词里训读；况且音读和训读都有数种读法，更使人无从掌握。

为了顺利地记住日语词，首先必须弄清什么是音读和训读。自从汉语和日语发生关系以来，就在日语中引起了这个问题；这是个十分古老的问题。在汉字进入日本以前，日本没有文字。汉字和汉语进入日本以后，日本人不但汉字注日语音，而且大量吸收汉语词。由此而产生音读、训读、音训混读以及有关诸多问题，日语词的复杂状况即由此而生。因此，弄清音和训是记住日语词的关键。下面简单谈谈什么是音读和训读以及有关问题，由此而探讨解决记词的难题。

训读：训读是用日语读汉字（汉语词）。汉字进入日本后，日本人按该汉字的原意而用日语读出。例如汉字“川”的意思就是“河”，日语词称“河”为“カワ”，于是就将汉字“川”读为“カワ”。这就是训读。总之，依汉字愿意而以相应的日语词读出，就是训读。训读是写汉字，读日语的音。例如“人”读“ヒト”，“山”读“ヤマ”，等等。这也可以说是类似翻译，但有些是确切的翻译，有些则不一定完全相符。

音读：汉字进入日本后，日本人按照汉字的原音读汉字，就是音读。因汉字传入日本时间不同，而有古汉音、吴音、唐音等等之别。总之，日语汉字的读音来源于古汉语读音，故虽与现代汉语音常不一致，但仍有关系。例如汉字“山”，日语音读为“サン”，“爱”读为“アイ”，等等。可见日语汉字的音读皆源自古汉语音，由于汉语音与现代汉语音虽不尽相同，但仍密切相关，所以日语汉字音读与现代汉语音也有联系。

除音读和训读外，还有音训混读，就是在一个词内，有的汉字音读，有的汉字训读，形成音训混合全体。产生这个现象的原因并不在于汉字的读法，而主要是由于日语中的造词所引起的。

仅据以上简述即可明显看出日语词呈现复杂现象的根源，同时也说明要解决日语词的难记，就必须抓住音和训这个根源。否则，抓来抓去，总在枝节上转圈子，终究不得出路。

我们列出了五十音图“あ”行至于“わ”行的全部音读汉字和训读汉字。虽然各行的音读和训读有多有少，甚至多少悬殊，有的音读汉字多而训读汉字少；有的反之，音读汉字少而训读汉字多；有的两者多少大体均等。情形虽是千差万别的，但不论情形如何，有一点是确定不变的，那就是：日语汉字的读音——包括音读和训读——是稳定的，固定的，大体上是不变的。如前所述，汉字的读音稳定，构成词时，词的读音也是稳定的。例如汉字“生”字，它的音读为“せい”，所以它所构成的词：“学生”、“先生”、“生活”、“生物学”等，它们的“生”字都读做“せい”。音读是如此，训读也是如此。例如“手”字训读为“て”，于是它构成大量训读词如：“手痛い”、“手利き”、“手提”、“手塩”……等等，“手”字都训读为“て”。

由此我们找到记住日语的关键，寻得记住日语词的窍门。因为不论汉字是音读或是训读，在构成词时其音相当稳定，这正是我们发现的窍门，找到的关键。西文的语言，印欧语系诸语，它们的词可依词不达意素分析法而划分为词根（词干）和词缀（后接部分）；这样划分，即可形成条理，找出规律，得出构词的要领，以便于记住单词。日语与印欧语系诸语完全不同，其构语法是另一个样子，词素分析法用不上。况且日语中有和语词（日语固有的词）、汉语词（来源于汉语的词）、外来语词（主要指来自西文语言的词）以及其他等等。同是汉语词，有音读，有训读，有音训混读。同是音读，有吴音、汉音、唐音、宋音、现代汉语音，还有在汉语音的基础上加以日语音韵化而形成的惯用音，等等。因此，日语单词的读法确实是千状百样，使人弄不清，摸不定。于是学习日语的人对于记住单词甚感困难，因而迫切希望得到简便的记词法。

诚然，日语词的状况极为复杂，况且完全用不上西文语言的词素分析法；只有另外找寻一个办法，取得另外一个行之有效、简便可行的记词法。根据日语的特点，日语单词的来源和构成，我们找到音训记词法，使这一难题迎刃而解。不论日语词的来源多么复杂，构词的状况如何多种多样，我们只要抓住音和训二者以为纲，就可形成规律，得到系统。

为了讲清音训记词法，本书（《日语词汇的奥秘》）列出了日语汉字的音读和训读，自“あ”行至于“わ”行的汉字的音读和训读，而且每一个音读和汉字和训读汉字列举了例词。从所列材料即可明显地看出：（1）日语汉字的音读和训读是相当稳定的。（2）总地说（就大体而论）音读或训读的一般规律是和语词训读，汉语词音读。以上两条是总的规律，可以概括日语单词的一般状况。首先说音读和训读相当稳定这一特点。就是说，汉字的音读和训读是相当稳定的。前已举出，例如音读方面，汉字“生”读做“せい”，在“生”字构成的音读词中，“生”字都读“せい”。“生”字训读为“いき”，于是“生”字构成的训读词中，“生”字都读“いき”；这是训读方面的状况。可见不论汉字的音读法或训读法，其音的读法（音读或训读）都相当稳定（固定），而不是时常变化的。举例如下：

汉字“生”的音读为“せい”，在其所构成的许多音读词中，“生”字都读做“せい”：

生活（せいかつ）、生产（せいさん）、 生物学（せいぶつがく）、学生（がくせい）、 先生（せんせい）……，等等。

汉字“生”的训读为“いき”，在其所构成的许多训读词中，“生”字都读做“いき”：

生き馬（いきうま）、生き字引（いきじびき）、生き恥（いきはじ）、生き別れ（いきわかれ）……，等等。

由此明显看出，由汉字构成的日语词，其构成的基础是汉字。汉字有音读和训读两种读音法；音读汉字构成音读词，训读汉字构成训读词。二者明显有别。音读汉字是以汉语汉字原来在汉语中的读音为基础，进入日本后由日本依汉字原音以反切法读出，这时不免受到日语音韵的影响，也就是将该汉字的原来的音加以日语音韵化，这样读出的汉字音，就是日语汉字的音读。汉字训读与该汉字原来在汉语中的读音毫不相关，而是汉字进入日本后，日本人根据该汉字的字义而以相应的日语词与之对应，可以说是用日语词将该汉字译而读之。例如，汉语的“油”和“脂”字，日语汉字的训读都是“あぶら”。写汉字“油”或“脂”，训读为“あぶら”，这岂不是译而读之吗。由此可见，日语汉字的音读以汉字原音（在汉语中原来的音）为基础，受日语音韵影响而成，所以它们或多或少总在一定程度上与汉语音有近之处。当然，由于日本人在古代接受汉字时是以古汉语音为根据，而现代汉语与古汉语已有了相当大的差异，所以我们不可用现代汉语（特别是普通话）的语音与日语汉字音读相比。纵然为此，日语汉字读音与现代汉语的汉字读音仍有某些相近相似之处。至于训读汉字，它是由汉字字义来的，也可以说是该汉字的日语释义，或说是该汉字的日语翻译，所以它与汉语音全然无关。

日语汉字读音的稳定性，对于我国人学习日语大为有利，因为这与汉语汉字的读音稳定性相同。在汉语中“生”字读sheng，在“生”字构成的词中，“生”字读做sheng。

再说第二个特点，就是说，一般而言，和语词训读，汉语词音读。这可以说是一条普遍的规律。和语词是日语原有的词，亦即日语固有词，也就是说，汉语尚未进入日本时日语中原已有此词了。例如，“山”字训读为“やま”，就是说，汉语的“山”字进入日语之前，日本人称山为“やま”。和语词作训读是日语的一个规律。例如“言”字训读为“いい”，这是从“说”这个意思来的，和语词有“言い合い”、“言い掛かり”、“言い値”、“言い伝え”、“言い渡し“等等。这些都非汉语词，而不是自汉语来的，而是和语词，就是说，这些词是日本语言中固有的，而不是自汉语来的，它们都是训读词。

由此可以明显看出，日语词分为两大类，一为汉语词，是来自汉语的；另一为和语词，是日语原有的，固有的，非源自汉语的。一个汉字，有音读，有训读。音读依汉语原音，训读则是以日语译该汉字之义。这就是我们的音训记词法的基础和根据。

我们由此而找到规律，寻出记住日语单词的窍门。

请注意，我们学习日语记单词时，不要一个词一个词单记，而要以汉字为基础，以汉字的音读和训读为根据。这是个好办法，完全可以以一带十，以十带百，以百带千。以汉字为纲，形成系统，构成胺络。一个汉字足以带起千百个词。记住汉字的音读和训读，一般说，绝大部分的词都依此规律，例外是少数。音读有时可能不仅一种读法，但总有一个读法是主要的，即由该汉字所构成的绝大部分单词都照此音而读，而其他一个或数个读法则是次要的，只有少数词照这次要的读法读音。我们学习日语记单词时，首先要记住汉字音读中的主要读法，以便记住那些多数的词。然后再记其他一个或数个次要的读法，以便记住那些少数的词。训读一般不像音读那样，极少出现一个汉字数种训读法，大多是一个汉字一个训读法。

当然还应看到，日语词的构成杂乱，符合规律的终属多数，例外则属少数。采用我们的音训记词法，完全可以解决记住绝大部分日语单词的问题，至于属于例外的那些词，只要在记住绝大多数词的同时加以注意，即不难记住了。任何规律都是概括绝大多数，而允许有例外存在。这不但在语言方面是这样的，在其他方面莫不如此。

音训记词法以日语汉字的音读和训读为基础，是循着日语词的构成和发展而来的，因而是科学的，符合实际的。它不仅行之有效，而且简便有序，有条理，成系统。以音训为纲，自然能够以一个汉字带起（贯穿）其所构成的所有的词。这个道理十分明显，合情合理，切合实际。况且这更适合于我们中国人学习日语记单词。因为我们中国人学习一个一个的汉字，记住汉字的音，在任何场合，在任何词里，一见着这个汉字，就读这个音。学会一个“飞”字，遇见“飞机”、“飞行员”、“宇宙飞船”等只要有“飞”字的词，都有会认识这个“飞”字。因此中国人学日语记单词更适合于采用音训记词法。总之，记日语词以汉字的音和训为纲，是最简便有效的方法。

日语中引入汉语词，称为“字音语”，另外又创造出打新的词，称为“和制汉语”；二者皆用汉字和假名书写。不仅这些，还有日本人依照汉字而创造的新字（汉字中原来没有的字），称为“和字”或“国字”。这样一来，日语词就在复杂之上更加复杂起来；难分条理，难辩体系，实在难记。在如此而已复杂混乱的状况下，只有抓住音和训这个总纲，才能化繁为简，以纲带目，记词的难题也就可以解决了。

为便于记词，掌握音读和训读是十分必要的，已如上所述。从日本人创造汉字看，也可看出读音与日语词的关系。汉字进入日本后，日本人学习汉字造字法而创出新字，称为国字或和字；这种字是训读的，举例说明如下：

俤（オモカゲ）：由“人”和“弟”二字组成。意为“面貌”、“影像”。

働く（ハタラク）：由“人”和“動”二字组成。意为“寒风”。

凪（ナギ）：由“風”和“止”二字组成。意为“风住，风停”。

峠（トウげ）：由“山”和“上、下”三字组成。意为“山顶”、“山岭”。

噺（ハナシ）：由“口”和“新“二字组成。意为“故事”。

榊（サカキ）：由“木”和“神”二字组成。意为“寺庙的树”。

颪（オロシ）：由“下”和“风”二字组成。意为“山风”。

毟る（ムシル）：由“少”和“毛”二字组成。意为“揪毛发”。

畑（ハタ）：由“火”和“田”二字组成。意为“旱田”。

畠（ハタ）：由“白”和“田”二字组成。意为“旱田”。

辻（ツジ）：由“十”和“和“辶”二字组成。意为“十字路”。

躾（シツケ）：由“身”和“美”二字组组成。意为“教育”。

鱈（タラ）：由“鱼”和“雪“二字组成。意为“鳘鱼。

除了上列诸例外，还有一些，如椙（スギ），樫（カシ），糀（コウジ），柾（マサ），襷（タスキ），なまず（ナマズ），ぶり（ブリ），麻呂（マロ），等等。这些都是在汉字进入日本后，日本人依照汉字造字法而创造的字，即国字（和字）。这些国字多依汉字六书中的“会意”方法创造而成。例如，用“人”和“动”二字相合而成为“働”，以表示“劳动”。以“口”和“新”二字而为“噺”，以表示“新鲜的话儿”，转而为“故事”之意。（这里对原文有一小部分省略——因为我的日语输入法写不出部分日本汉字。）

如前可述，音和训是日语词的重要因素，因而是记词的关键。只有从音和训入手，才能找到日语词的构成。找到词的构成才能由此分析归纳而求得规律，进而据此规律而形成体系。这样，日语词的状况再复杂再繁乱，也可理之井然，纳入轨道，化千为百，理百为十，终于在杂乱无章中找到明晰的头绪，自可分别归类，记住单词就不难了。

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It is not every day that a concept car re-writes the rules of more than 100 years of motoring. In development for four years by a team of architects and engineers led by William Mitchell, former head of the school of architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), as part of his Smart Cities research group, a new MIT car is borne of a complete rethink of people’s relationship with their cars in the ever-expanding cities of the future.

Prof Mitchell expects we will share cars that will be easier to drive in congested cities, will be pollution-free and can be customised at will.

The city car concept, with styling input by architect Frank Gehry, will be completed and delivered by MIT to General Motors early next year.

“Primarily we’re interested in urban living,” says Ryan Chin, an architect and engineer at MIT’s media lab and a member of Prof Mitchell’s research group. “Everything scales down from what we think the city of the future is.”

The Smart Cities group focused on how cars could be better adapted to get round familiar problems of city life, namely congestion, pollution and parking. Motor companies are well aware of the issue. But the group felt the companies had missed the point, even with city cars such as the Smart, the iconic two-passenger cars introduced by Swatch and Mercedes in 1998.

“We have to think of city cars as not just small-footprint vehicles that can squeeze into tight spaces but ones that can work in unison and also be almost like a parasite that leeches on to mass-transit systems,” says Mr Chin. While Smart changed the way people think about parking and size, the MIT engineers felt that, as it had not been widely adopted and congestion and pollution problems had got no better, its success had been limited.

So the MIT team started from scratch to come up with their own concept: a stackable, shareable, electric, two-passenger car. “Imagine a shopping cart – a vehicle that can stack – you can take the first vehicle out of a stack and off you go,” says Mr Chin. “These stacks would be placed throughout the city. A good place would be outside a subway station or a bus line or an airport, places where there’s a convergence of transportation lines and people.”

The precedent for this type of shared personal transport is demonstrated with bicycle-sharing schemes in European towns and the ZipCar and FlexCar projects on the east and west coasts of the US respectively.

The MIT concept car is a complete re-think of vehicle technology. For a start, there is no engine, at least in the traditional sense. The power comes from devices called wheel robots. “These are self-contained wheel units that have electric motors inside,” says Mr Chin. “The interesting thing is that the wheel can turn a full 360 degrees so you can have omni-directional wheel movements. You can rotate the car while you’re moving, any direction can be front or back and you can do things like crabbing or translate sideways. It’s almost like you imagine yourself driving a computer chair.”

The wheel robots, complete with their own suspension, remove the need for a drive shaft and even the engine block, freeing up designers to make new use of the space in the car.

“Essentially the car will comprise four wheel-robots plus a customisable chassis,” says Chin. “The frame can be built specifically for each customer.”

Add wafer-thin, programmable displays that cover the interior and exterior of the car like a layer of paint, and you have a vehicle that can be customised at will. “You can imagine signalling being not just a static signal light but something more dynamic,” says Mr Chin, who suggests the words “reversing” or “turning left” could roll across the car’s body to declare the driver’s intentions. “From a heating and cooling point of view, you might want your car to be darker or lighter depending on weather. On the interior, you can customise your dashboard for each person. If I’m an elderly person, I probably want a very large speedometer so I can see it; if I’m a race-car driver, maybe all I want is a tachometer.”

The close proximity of cars in cities increases the risk of accidents, and the MIT car has a host of radical ideas to deal with this problem. Chief safety features include responsive seats that do away with the need for seat belts and air bags: these are based around a spine at the back of the seat with a number of “fingers” to embrace a passenger and hold them in place if the car detects that it is involved in an accident. And the cabin would absorb the impacts of crashes using new materials. “There is a new development in fluids that can be magnetised so that they move from liquid to solid state within a nanosecond. You can imagine using these fluids as a way of absorbing energy in an impact.”

Over the next few months the MIT team will complete the final design and present their results to General Motors, which will build the first prototype. Beyond that, Mr Chin is already trying to arrange a public test in the Far East. “We might do this in Hong Kong or in Singapore,” he says. “The interest in those places is that they are very dense, have mass transit and limited range. An island like Hong Kong would be a perfect place to test this because you have all those conditions.”

Whether the city car concept appears on garage forecourts as designed by the Smart Cities group or whether the technologies are taken forward individually remains to be seen. Chin says the group would be happy with either outcome.

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Last night i saw a post of the sijun then i want to see the KING KONG .From the post i know that the KING KONG have made for one time in 1933.then i found it on my shcool’s DVD site.its a black and white film,but from it i know lots of thing about USA.i didnt have no impression about the 1930s world.at that time ,the world had have so high building.then today i down it form the 5q site.i think it will be show u more excited feeling if u see it at the cinema.the film especially　the stunt so great.

yea.some people are the fans of the Peter Jackson and hate the great film be cut downbecause of the audience.also i think some places of this film not too compaction.i also get the film’s feature,its very funy.i have see some other movies’s feature.they also make uself’s desire to be a good director.

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TileToy is a modular, electronic game prototype for tangible LED game tiles. TileToy brings the flexibility inherent in digital software to a physical tile that people can touch and interact with. By arranging the electronic tiles, players can engage themselves in various kinds of game play, ranging from fast-paced arcade style games to puzzle an learning games.

TILETOY
Modular electronic game prototype

TileToy is a modular, electronic game prototype for tangible LED game tiles. TileToy brings the flexibility inherent in digital software to a physical tile that people can touch and interact with. By arranging the electronic tiles, players can engage themselves in various kinds of game play, ranging from fast-paced arcade style games to puzzle an learning games.

The tiles are plastic cases approximately 2″ square. The main inspiration for the look and feel comes from the heyday of the LED, when plastic hand-held games ruled the gaming world. This retro-look is fused with a more modern minimal design. The minimalism enhances the magic of cordless boxes that simply communicate with each other. In TileToy, technology is sealed within the design. The interaction is based on tactile experience where no user manual is needed.

The flexible architecture of the tiles makes TileToy a versatile platform for development of various applications from several genres. Compared with traditional tile games TileToy can take advantage of such things as changing state, animations and games where the tiles can effect the state of adjoining tiles. Simple word games can be created where each tile displays a random letter and the players organize the letters into the longest word possible. Numbers and arithmetic characters can be displayed with the player having to arrange the tiles into a sum to give a specified result. Matching games are yet another way the tiles could be programmed to act as a learning aid. Applications can be developed also to utilize the tiles purely for display purposes to show patterns, animations or even live information.

The re-programmable and constantly updated graphical information on each tile is displayed with a LED matrix system. The screen displaying the information is an endlessly versatile surface for updated visual communication. Each tile is controlled individually and can be used to transmit information on its own or in groups of several tiles. The assembled tiles transmit wirelessly their individual position in relation to each other and based on that changing information, a central computer, or a dedicated tile runs the different applications.

TileToy is an open project. Both the source code and the hardware will be made available via open licenses. This will allow anyone interested to create their own applications and games and feed these back into the community hopefully to spark innovation further. It may even lead to new projects that branch off to make new version of TileToy based on the original hardware. The TileToy process is available from the blog: http://tiletoy.blogspot.com

Tuomo Tammenpää, media artist, Creative Director, Mindworks Ltd

Tammenpää works as an active media artist and designer in Finland, just outside Helsinki. During the last ten years he has participated in several exhibitions in Scandinavia, Central Europe, Asia and North America presenting video and media installations. Besides his career as a media artist, Tammenpää works as the Creative Director of Mindworks Ltd., a Helsinki-based digital design and engineering company, where he has been a leading designer and concept developer for several international digital media productions from screen based to spatial media design.
Curriculum Vitae, Tuomo Tammenpää

Daniel Blackburn, Managing Director, Carbon Based Games Ltd.

During 10 years working in the games industry Daniel has worked on a number of new and innovative computer games. From traditional ‘boxed’ games on a variety of formats to web games to Java games for mobile phones. Daniel currently shares his time between running his mobile phone games studio and collaborations in the field of new media artwork.

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one day ,i lost my hosting of design77.net ,then i post on the WHT,asked if someone can provided a free host for me .most people just repost for recommand their paid host.some times later ,Jessia add my MSN,then she said that she knew my MSN from the post of WHT,then show me their company’s hosting.I said i just want a free hosting ,i was just a poor student ,cant pay anything for thier hosting.At that time ,i just want get a free hosting ,but to knew a foreigner was a happy thing, at that time ,i have about teen foreigners friend,they were very different form my live side people ,and i learn many things from them.So i get a new Friend of USA the Jessia. the things happened later told me ,this is my great gift.

Then,we talked many things ,she knew I come from China,after that ,Jessia told me ,she must ask her boss for open a trial hosting for me ,then i can use thier hosting for a month’s try…..

at that time ,i was very happy.yes true.very happy.i lost my site hosting for about one months for the reason of the Chinese New Year. when i back to the school,i found my older hosting provider gloriensburg.us down.Anyway ,i get a hosting for free.

Then we talk about some thing about other ,for my abilty,her company,and other things.

To me, i am very lucky,to meet Jession.Later Jession told me her boss,A Aisan form Sri Lanka later Jession told me that Sagara just 24 years old and a nice people.He workd hard and achieve all of his dreams.

For me ,a poor student ,now have nothing just have time ,time for learning.The poor isnt question,The mind-set is the question.Yea.many of youth like me ,have more dreams .but most of them didnt konw how to make thire dreames to be true.When their life occur some unhappy things ,they didnt know the way to the other side of the problem.In other side,some youth didnt think their future.just lost a day for thire own feeling.

For the now ,i didnt have chat with Sagara,if have chance ,i want to have a chat with he.I know ,he must be very busy for his company and other things. Maybe he cant chat with me ,but i will improve my own abilily.

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Today,i was doing the JAVA work.

the Dong give me eight sms..

too long,i wite it out for further days too read it .

I konw we will be good friends when I see you frist time and it came true then but so much I love you what I never thought before ince try to fogot you for one year but I still love you now i dont want any thing from you and you dont need to change anything just see me as your brother that enougt i dont konw if it is right but i cant stop to love you i think i will lonely for a life I konw you like girls I just want to tell you how much i live u please delete it after you read it

About two years ago i got my computer then i lost all the world .In that ages ,I thought the tech is all. So I also lost you,my brother,two years past.and now I have need more things to do but brother is brother ,brother isnt just a symbol.

I also lonely if I lost you.

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In my all memories,i didnt buy any earphone.

last year i use my classmeat’s earphone for about harf years..

now i find one in the room.lol~~

and listen some music from my school’s site.

http://music.zzu.edu.cn/dianbolist.asp?nAlbumId=2078

download it to my computer.a good album..

01 KOKIA吉田亚纪子–current
02 Alison Krauss–I Will
03 linkin park–In the End
04 Niamh Parsons–Lakes of coolfin
05 TATA YOUNG-CRUSH ON YOU
06 Roxette–Listen To Your Heart
07 avril lavigne-don’t tell me
08 gareth gates-anyone of us
09 cranberries-dying in the sun
010 Lene marlin-A place nearby
011 NANA–Lonely
012 Melanie C-Northern Star
013 virgos-stop! stop! stop!

this is some song lyrics of that album

I Will

Who knows how long I’ve loved you?
You know I love you still
Will I wait a lonely lifetime?
If you want me to, I will

For (and) if I ever saw you
I didn’t catch your name
But it never really mattered
I will always feel the same

Love you forever and forever
Love you with all my heart
Love you whenever we’re together
Love you when we’re apart

And when at last I find you
Your song will fill the air
Sing it loud so I can hear you
Make it easy to be near you
For (and) the things you do endear you to me
You know I will I will

Love you forever and forever
Love you with all my heart
Love you whenever we’re together
Love you when we’re apart

And when at last I find you
Your song will fill the air
Sing it loud so I can hear you
Make it easy to be near you
For (and) the things you do endear you to me
Oh, you know I will

Creed-With Arms Wide Open(张开双臂)

With Arms Wide Open
Well I just heard the news today
It seems my life is going to change
I close my eyes, begin to pray
Then tears of joy stream down my face
With arms wide open
Under the sunlight
Welcome to this place
I’ll show you everything
With arms wide open
With arms wide open
Well I don’t know if I’m ready
To be the man I have to be
I’ll take a breath, I’ll take her by my side
We stand in awe, we’ve created life
With arms wide open
Under the sunlight
Welcome to this place
I’ll show you everything
With arms wide open
Now everything has changed
I’ll show you love
I’ll show you everything
With arms wide open
With arms wide open
I’ll show you everything
Oh yeah
With arms wide open
Wide open
If I had just one wish
Only one demand
I hope he’s not like me
I hope he understands
That he can take this life
And hold it by the hand
And he can greet the world
With arms wide open
With Arms wide open
Under the sunlight
Welcome to this place
I’ll show you everything
With arms wide open
Now everything has changed
I’ll show you love
I’ll show you everything
With arms wide open
With arms wide open
I’ll show you everything oh yeah
With arms wide open
wide open

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